Pakati pezvinhu zvikuru zvebhazi remagetsi rakachena, bhatiri remagetsi rakafanana ne "moyo" wemotokari. Kushanda kwayo, kuchengetedzeka, uye hupenyu hwayo zvinosarudza zvakananga daro rebhazi, kuvimbika kwekushanda, uye kuchengetedzeka kwemufambi. Chinhu chikuru chekuona kushanda kwakasimba kwe "moyo" uyu ndichoSisitimu Yekutarisira Kupisa Kwemabhatiri (BTMS)Senzira huru inokosha yebhazi remagetsi rakachena, rinoshanda se "smart temperature control manager" yakagadzirirwa bhatiri remagetsi, richidzora tembiricha yekushanda kwebhatiri chinyararire, zvichibvumira bhazi kushanda zvakanaka uye zvakachengeteka munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana.
Sisitimu yemagetsi yekufambisa mabhatiri emagetsi yakachena sisitimu yekudzora ine hungwaru inosanganisira kutarisa tembiricha, kupisa, kutonhora, uye kuenzana kwetembiricha. Chinangwa chayo chikuru ndechekuchengetedza tembiricha yebhatiri remagetsi iri mukati mehuwandu hwakakodzera hwekushanda hwe20-35℃, ukuwo ichidzora mutsauko wetembiricha pakati pemasero ega ega ari mukati mebhatiri kusvika pasingapfuure 3-5℃. Izvi zvinogadzirisa matambudziko ekudzikira kwekushanda, kupfupisa hupenyu, uye kuwedzera njodzi dzekuchengetedza mabhatiri emagetsi munzvimbo dzakanyanya kupisa uye dzakaderera. Kune mabhazi emagetsi akachena anoshanda munzvimbo dzakanyanya kurema, makiromita marefu, uye mamiriro ekuchaja nekuburitsa magetsi kakawanda, uye anotarisana nenzvimbo dzakaoma dzakadai sekupisa kwakanyanya nechando, kukosha kwesisitimu iyi kuri pachena.
Kuti unzwisise kukosha kwehurongwa hwekugadzirisa kupisa kwebhatiri, zvakakosha kutanga wanzwisisa "tsika" dzemabhatiri emagetsi: mabhatiri e-lithium anonyanya kunzwa tembiricha. Sezvo vanhu vachishanda zvakanaka patembiricha yakakodzera, mabhatiri emagetsi anowana kushanda kwakanaka kwekuchaja nekuburitsa chaji uye hupenyu hwakareba hwekufamba mukati metembiricha yavo yepamusoro, ukuwo achideredza njodzi yekupisa. Kana tembiricha yakakwira zvakanyanya, mashandiro emakemikari emukati mebhatiri anokurumidza, zvichitungamira kwete chete kudzikira kwenzvimbo uye kushanda kwayo asiwo zviitiko zvinogona kuitika zvekuchengetedza zvakaita sekuputira nemoto. Kana tembiricha yakadzikira zvakanyanya, kushanda zvakanaka kwebhatiri nekuchaja kunodzikira zvakanyanya, zvichitodzivirira kuchaja kwakajairika nekutanga, zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya kushanda kwebhazi, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinotonhora dzekuchamhembe. Basa guru rehurongwa hwekugadzirisa kupisa kwebhatiri nderekugadzirisa matambudziko aya, kuchengetedza bhatiri remagetsi.
Nheyo yekushanda kwehurongwa hwekugadzirisa kupisa kwebhatiri (BTMS) inonyanya kukosha pakudzora kupisa kwebhatiri nenzira chaiyo kuburikidza nekutsinhana kwesimba mudunhu rakavharika. Maitiro ese anodzorwa otomatiki neBMS pasina kupindira nemaoko. Zvichienderana nemwaka nekupisa kwemhepo, hurongwa hunonyanya kushanda nenzira nhatu: kutonhora, kudziyisa, uye kuenzanisa tembiricha, zvichichinja-chinja pakati pazvo kuti zvienderane nemamiriro akasiyana ekushanda.
Mumamiriro ekupisa kwakanyanya kwezhizha, sisitimu inopinda mumodhi yekutonhodza. Kana bhatiri rikapa kupisa kwakawanda panguva yekutyaira kana kuchaja, uye sensor yekupisa ikaona tembiricha yebhatiri inodarika 35°C, BMS inobva yangoburitsa murairo wekuti iite kutipombi yemvura yemagetsi,vharuvhu yemvura yemagetsi, uye radiator (kana kuti air conditioner chiller). Coolant inotenderera mu closed-loop circuit, ichinyatso tora kupisa kunogadzirwa nebhatiri kuburikidza neplate inotonhodza mvura kana serpentine piping iri pasi pebhatiri. Coolant, inotakura kupisa, inobva yayerera nemu radiator, ichibvisa kupisa mumhepo yekunze. Kana tembiricha yadzikira kusvika padanho rakakodzera, sisitimu inogadzirisa yega simba rayo rekushanda kuti ichengetedze kugadzikana kwetembiricha uye kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya uye kukuvara kwebhatiri.
Mumamiriro echando asina kupisa zvakanyanya, sisitimu inochinja kuita heating mode. Kana tembiricha yemhepo yadzikira pasi pe10℃, zvichidzivirira bhatiri remagetsi kuti risachaje uye riburitse chaji zvakanaka, BMS (Battery Management System) inovhuraPTC hitakana sisitimu yepombi yekupisa yemotokari kuti ipise chinotonhodza. Chinotonhodza chinodziya chinoyerera nemubhatiri, chichiendesa kupisa kune sero rega rega uye zvishoma nezvishoma chichidziisa tembiricha yebhatiri kusvika pamusoro pe10℃. Izvi zvinoita kuti bhatiri rikwanise kuchaja nekuburitsa mvura zvakanaka, zvichideredza dambudziko rekudzikira kwenzvimbo muchando. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mabhazi mazhinji emagetsi akagadzirwa zvakanaka parizvino anoshandisa musanganiswa wepombi yekupisa nePTC, zvichiita kuti kupisa kushande zvakanaka ukuwo zvichideredza kushandiswa kwesimba uye zvichivandudza nzvimbo.
Kunze kwekudzora tembiricha yakakwira neyakaderera, kudzora tembiricha yakaenzana ibasa rakakoshawo rehurongwa hwekutarisira kupisa kwebhatiri. Simba rebhatiri rine mazana kana zviuru zvemasero akabatana akatevedzana uye akafanana. Kusiyana kwakanyanya kwekushisa pakati pemasero kunogona kutungamira mukuchaja zvakanyanya uye kuburitsa mamwe masero, zvichikurumidzisa kukwegura uye kutokonzera kudzikira kwekugara zvakanaka kwesero, zvichikanganisa mashandiro ese uye kuchengetedzeka kwebhatiri. Nokudaro, sisitimu inogadzirisa dhizaini yenzira yekuyerera kwemvura inotonhorera kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inotonhorera inoyerera zvakaenzana kuburikidza nemodule yega yega yebhatiri, ichivimbisa tembiricha yakaenzana yesero yega yega mukati mebhatiri uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwese hwebhatiri.
Sisitimu yakakwana yekutarisira kupisa kwebhatiri yebhazi remagetsi rakachena ine zvikamu zvakawanda zvinoshanda pamwe chete, hapana chimwe chazvo chingasiiwa. Ma sensor ekupisa ane basa rekuunganidza data rekupisa kubva kuma cell ebhatiri ne coolant panguva chaiyo, zvichipa hwaro hwekudzora sisitimu; pombi yemvura yemagetsi inopa simba rekutenderera kwe coolant, inoshanda se "simba" rekutsinhana simba; mavharuvhu emvura emagetsi ane basa rekuchinja macircuit, zvichiita kuti kuchinjana pakati pekupisa nekutonhodza kuchinjike; ma radiator nema chillers anoshandiswa kudziyisa kupisa muzhizha, nepo ma PTC heater nema heat pump systems anoshandiswa kudziyisa muchando; bhatiri re thermal management controller (BMS kana TMS) ndiro "pfungwa" yesisitimu yese, richibatanidza data rekupisa, richipa mirairo yekudzora, uye richiona kushanda kwesisitimu kwakasimba; pamusoro pezvo, kune zvimwe zvikamu zvakaita semapombi ekutonhodza nematangi ekuwedzera kuti ive nechokwadi chekuvharwa uye kugadzikana kwemacircuit.
Sezvo mabhazi emagetsi chaiwo achikura achienda kure, kuvimbika kwakanyanya, uye kushandiswa kwesimba shoma, hunyanzvi hwemasisitimu ekugadzirisa kupisa kwemabhatiri huri kuramba huchikura. Kubva pamasisitimu ekutanga anotonhodzwa nemhepo kusvika kumasisitimu akajairika anotonhodzwa nemvura, uye kusvika kune mhinduro dzinoshanda dzekugadzirisa kupisa dzinosanganisira mapombi ekupisa uye kushandura frequency kwakangwara, kurongeka kwekudzora tembiricha kwesisitimu, mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza simba, uye kuvimbika zvinogara zvichigadziriswa. Nhasi, masisitimu epamusoro ekugadzirisa kupisa kwemabhatiri haangogumiri pakudzora tembiricha chaiyo asiwo anobatanidzwa nemhepo inotonhodza uye sisitimu yemagetsi yemotokari kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba kwemotokari uye kuvandudza hupfumi hwekushanda.
Se "thermostat" yemabhazi emagetsi akachena, sisitimu yekutarisira kupisa kwemabhatiri haingori kungochengetedza kuchengetedzeka uye hupenyu hwebhatiri remagetsi chete asiwo inotsigira kushandiswa kwakapararira kwemabhazi emagetsi akachena mukufambisa veruzhinji. Inogadzirisa matambudziko ekushanda kwemabhazi emagetsi akachena munzvimbo dzinopisa zvakanyanya uye dzakaderera, inovandudza kuvimbika kwemotokari uye kuchengetedzeka, uye inoisa hwaro hwakasimba hwekufambiswa kwemabhazi matsva emagetsi. Mune ramangwana, nekufambira mberi kuri kuramba kuchiita tekinoroji yemabhatiri emagetsi uye hunyanzvi huri kuenderera mberi muhunyanzvi hwekutarisira kupisa, masisitimu ekutarisira kupisa kwemabhatiri achava anoshanda zvakanyanya, akangwara, uye anochengetedza simba, zvichiwedzera simba mukuvandudzwa kwemabhazi emagetsi akachena.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-03-2026
