1. Hunhu hwemabhatiri e lithiamu emotokari itsva dzesimba
Mabhatiri eLithium ane zvakanakira zvekudzikisira simba zvishoma, kuwanda kwesimba, nguva yekutenderera yakawanda, uye kushanda zvakanaka panguva yekushandiswa. Kushandisa mabhatiri eLithium sechishandiso chikuru chesimba idzva kwakaenzana nekuwana simba rakanaka. Saka, mukuumbwa kwezvikamu zvikuru zvemotokari itsva dzesimba, lithium battery pack ine chekuita ne lithium battery cell yave chikamu chayo chakakosha uye chikamu chikuru chinopa simba. Munguva yekushanda kwemabhatiri eLithium, pane zvimwe zvinodiwa zvakatipoteredza. Zvichienderana nemhedzisiro yekuyedza, tembiricha yekushanda yakakwana inochengetwa pa20°C kusvika 40°C. Kana tembiricha yakatenderedza bhatiri ikapfuura muganho wakatarwa, mashandiro ebhatiri reLithium achaderedzwa zvakanyanya, uye hupenyu hwebasa huchaderedzwa zvakanyanya. Nekuti tembiricha yakatenderedza bhatiri reLithium yakaderera zvakanyanya, kugona kwekupedzisira kwekuburitsa uye voltage yekuburitsa zvichasiyana neyakatarwa, uye pachava nekudonha kwakapinza.
Kana tembiricha yekunze yakakwira zvakanyanya, mukana wekuti bhatiri re lithium ribude mumhepo unowedzera zvakanyanya, uye kupisa kwemukati kunoungana panzvimbo chaiyo, zvichikonzera matambudziko makuru ekuunganidza kupisa. Kana chikamu ichi chekupisa chikasakwanisa kutumirwa kunze zvakanaka, pamwe chete nenguva yakareba yekushanda kwebhatiri re lithium, bhatiri rinowanzo putika. Njodzi iyi yekuchengetedza inotyisa zvikuru kuchengetedzeka kwemunhu, saka mabhatiri e lithium anofanira kuvimba nemidziyo yekutonhodza yemagetsi kuti avandudze mashandiro ekuchengetedza emidziyo yese painoshanda. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kana vaongorori vachidzora tembiricha yemabhatiri e lithium, vanofanirwa kushandisa zvishandiso zvekunze zvine musoro kutumira kunze kupisa uye kudzora tembiricha yekushanda yakakwana yemabhatiri e lithium. Mushure mekunge kudzora tembiricha kwasvika padanho rakakodzera, chinangwa chekutyaira chakachengeteka chemotokari itsva dzesimba hachizombotyiswi.
2. Maitiro ekugadzira kupisa kwebhatiri remagetsi emotokari itsva lithium
Kunyangwe mabhatiri aya achigona kushandiswa semidziyo yemagetsi, mukushandiswa chaiko, mutsauko uripo pakati pawo uri pachena. Mamwe mabhatiri ane matambudziko makuru, saka vagadziri vemotokari itsva dzemagetsi vanofanira kusarudza nokungwarira. Semuenzaniso, bhatiri re lead-acid rinopa simba rakakwana kune bazi repakati, asi richakonzera kukuvara kukuru kunharaunda yakapoteredza panguva yekushanda kwaro, uye kukuvara uku hakuzogadzirisiki gare gare. Nokudaro, kuitira kuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, nyika yakaisa mabhatiri eLead-acid ari murondedzero yakarambidzwa. Munguva yekugadzirwa, mabhatiri e nickel-metal hydride akawana mikana yakanaka, tekinoroji yekuvandudza yakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye huwandu hwekushandiswa hwawedzerawo. Zvisinei, kana tichienzanisa nemabhatiri e lithium, matambudziko ayo ari pachena zvishoma. Semuenzaniso, zvakaoma kuti vagadziri vemabhatiriwo zvavo vadzore mutengo wekugadzira mabhatiri e nickel-metal hydride. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mutengo wemabhatiri e nickel-hydrogen mumusika wakaramba wakakwira. Mamwe marudzi matsva emotokari dzemagetsi anotsvaga mashandiro emutengo haazombofungi nezvekuashandisa sezvikamu zvemota. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, mabhatiri eNi-MH anonyanya kunzwa kupisa kwemhepo kupfuura mabhatiri e lithium, uye anogona kubatira moto nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya. Mushure mekuenzaniswa kakawanda, mabhatiri e lithium anoonekwa uye ikozvino anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari itsva dzemagetsi.
Chikonzero nei mabhatiri e lithium achigona kupa simba kumotokari itsva dzesimba ndechekuti ma electrode avo akanaka neasina kunaka ane zvinhu zvinoshanda. Munguva yekuramba achiisa uye achiburitsa zvinhu, simba remagetsi rakawanda rinowanikwa, uye zvinoenderana nepfungwa yekushandura simba, simba remagetsi nesimba rekinetic. Kuti uwane chinangwa chekuchinjana, nokudaro uchipa simba rakasimba kumotokari itsva dzesimba, unogona kuzadzisa chinangwa chekufamba nemotokari. Panguva imwe chete, kana sero re lithium battery rikasangana nemakemikari, richava nebasa rekutora kupisa uye kuburitsa kupisa kuti ripedzise kushandura simba. Pamusoro pezvo, atomu re lithium harina kumira, rinogona kufamba nguva dzose pakati pe electrolyte ne diaphragm, uye kune polarization internal resistance.
Iye zvino, kupisa kuchaburitswawo zvakakodzera. Zvisinei, tembiricha yakakomberedza bhatiri re lithium remotokari itsva ine simba yakakwira zvakanyanya, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuparara kwezviparadzanisa zvakanaka nezvakaipa. Pamusoro pezvo, kuumbwa kwebhatiri idzva re lithium rine simba kunoumbwa nemapaketi akawanda emabhatiri. Kupisa kunogadzirwa nemapaketi ese emabhatiri kunopfuura kure kwebhatiri rimwe chete. Kana tembiricha ikapfuura kukosha kwakatemwa, bhatiri rinowanzo putika.
3. Matekinoroji akakosha ehurongwa hwekutarisira kupisa kwebhatiri
Kune hurongwa hwekutarisira mabhatiri emotokari itsva dzesimba, munyika nekune dzimwe nyika, vakanyatsoteerera, vakatanga tsvakurudzo dzakawanda, uye vakawana mhedzisiro yakawanda. Chinyorwa chino chichatarisa pakuongororwa kwakarurama kwesimba rebhatiri rasara rehurongwa hwekutarisira kupisa kwebhatiri remotokari itsva, manejimendi yekuenzanisa bhatiri uye matekinoroji akakosha anoshandiswa musisitimu yekutarisira kupisa.
3.1 Nzira yekuongorora simba remagetsi rinosara mubhatiri
Vaongorori vakashandisa simba rakawanda uye kushanda nesimba mukuongorora kweSOC, kunyanya vachishandisa maalgorithms esainzi data akadai seampere-hour integral method, linear model method, neural network method uye Kalman filter method kuti vaite bvunzo dzakawanda dzesimulation. Zvisinei, zvikanganiso zvekuverenga zvinowanzoitika panguva yekushandiswa kwenzira iyi. Kana chikanganiso chisina kugadziriswa nenguva, mukaha uripo pakati pemhedzisiro yekuverenga unowedzera kukura. Kuti vagadzirise chikanganiso ichi, vaongorori vanowanzo sanganisa nzira yekuongorora yeAnshi nedzimwe nzira kuti vasimbise, kuitira kuti vawane mhinduro dzakarurama. Nedata rakarurama, vaongorori vanogona kufungidzira nemazvo current yekuburitsa kwebhatiri.
3.2 Kutarisira kwakaringana kwehurongwa hwekutarisira kupisa kwebhatiri
Kutarisira bhatiri nemagetsi ekugadzirisa kupisa kunonyanya kushandiswa kubatanidza voltage nesimba rechikamu chimwe nechimwe chebhatiri. Mushure mekunge mabhatiri akasiyana ashandiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana, simba nevoltage zvichasiyana. Panguva ino, kutarisira bhatiri nemagetsi kunofanirwa kushandiswa kubvisa musiyano uripo pakati pezviviri. Kusawirirana. Parizvino ndiyo nzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya yekutarisira bhatiri
Yakakamurwa zvikuru mumhando mbiri: passive equalization uye active equalization. Kubva pamaonero ekushandisa, misimboti yekushandisa inoshandiswa nemhando mbiri idzi dze equalization nzira dzakasiyana zvikuru.
(1) Kuenzanisa kusingashande. Nheyo yekuenzana kusingashande inoshandisa hukama huripo pakati pesimba rebhatiri nemagetsi, zvichibva padata remagetsi rebhatiri rimwe chete, uye kushandurwa kweaviri kunowanzo kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekuburitsa simba: simba rebhatiri rine simba guru rinoburitsa kupisa kuburikidza nekupisa kusingashande, Robva rabuda mumhepo kuti riwane chinangwa chekurasikirwa nesimba. Zvisinei, nzira iyi yekuenzana haivandudze kushanda zvakanaka kwekushandisa bhatiri. Pamusoro pezvo, kana kupisa kusina kuenzana, bhatiri harizokwanisi kupedzisa basa rekutarisira kupisa kwebhatiri nekuda kwedambudziko rekupisa zvakanyanya.
(2) Kuenzanisa kwakasimba. Kuenzanisa kwakasimba chigadzirwa chakagadziridzwa chekuenzanisa kwakasimba, izvo zvinotsiva zvakaipira kukuenzanisa kwakasimba. Kubva pakuona kwenheyo yekuzadzisa, nheyo yekufananidza kwakasimba hairevi musimboti wekufananidza kwakasimba, asi inotora pfungwa itsva yakasiyana zvachose: kuenzanisa kwakasimba hakushandure simba remagetsi rebhatiri kuita simba rekupisa uye kuriparadzira, kuitira kuti simba rakawanda ripfuurwe. Simba kubva kubhatiri rinoendeswa kubhatiri rine simba shoma. Uyezve, rudzi urwu rwekutumira harutyori mutemo wekuchengetedza simba, uye rine zvakanakira kurasikirwa kushoma, kushanda zvakanaka, uye mhedzisiro inokurumidza. Zvisinei, chimiro chekuumbwa kwekutarisira kuenzana chakaoma. Kana nzvimbo yekuenzana isina kudzorwa nemazvo, inogona kukonzera kukuvara kusingagadzirisiki kubhatiri remagetsi nekuda kwehukuru hwayo hwakawanda. Mukupfupisa, ese ari maviri kushandira kuenzana kwakasimba uye kushandira kuenzana kwakasimba zvine zvazvakaipira. Mumashandisirwo chaiwo, vaongorori vanogona kuita sarudzo zvichienderana nekugona uye huwandu hwetambo dzemabhatiri e lithium. Mabhatiri e lithium ane simba shoma uye nhamba shoma akakodzera pakugadzirisa equalization, uye mabhetiri e lithium ane simba guru uye nhamba huru akakodzera pakugadzirisa equalization.
3.3 Matekinoroji makuru anoshandiswa muhurongwa hwekutarisira kupisa kwebhatiri
(1) Sarudza tembiricha yekushanda yakakwana yebhatiri. Sisitimu yekutarisira kupisa inonyanya kushandiswa kubatanidza tembiricha yakatenderedza bhatiri, saka kuitira kuve nechokwadi chekuti sisitimu yekutarisira kupisa inoshanda, tekinoroji yakakosha yakagadzirwa nevaongorori inonyanya kushandiswa kuona tembiricha yekushanda yebhatiri. Chero bedzi tembiricha yebhatiri yakachengetwa mukati mehuwandu hwakakodzera, bhatiri re lithium rinogona kugara riri mumamiriro akanakisa ekushanda, richipa simba rakakwana rekushanda kwemotokari itsva dzesimba. Nenzira iyi, mashandiro ebhatiri re lithium emotokari itsva dzesimba anogona kugara ari mumamiriro akanaka.
(2) Kuverenga nguva yekupisa kwebhatiri uye kufanotaura tembiricha. Iyi tekinoroji inosanganisira nhamba yakakura yemamodheru ekuverenga. Masayendisiti anoshandisa nzira dzinoenderana dzekuverenga kuti vawane mutsauko wekupisa mukati mebhatiri, uye vanoshandisa izvi sehwaro hwekufanotaura maitiro ekupisa kwebhatiri.
(3) Kusarudzwa kwenzvimbo yekupisa. Kushanda kwepamusoro kwehurongwa hwekutarisira kupisa kunoenderana nesarudzo yenzvimbo yekupisa. Mota zhinji dzemagetsi dziripo parizvino dzinoshandisa mhepo/chinotonhodza senzvimbo yekutonhodza. Nzira iyi yekutonhodza iri nyore kushandisa, inodhura zvishoma pakugadzira, uye inogona kuzadzisa chinangwa chekuparadza kupisa kwebhatiri. (PTC Air Heater/PTC Inotonhorera Heater)
(4) Shandisa dhizaini yechimiro chemhepo inofefetera uye kupisa. Dhizaini yemhepo inofefetera uye kupisa pakati pemabheteri e lithium inogona kuwedzera kuyerera kwemhepo kuitira kuti igokwanisa kugoverwa zvakaenzana pakati pemabheteri, zvichigadzirisa musiyano wekupisa pakati pemamodule ebhatiri.
(5) Kusarudzwa kwenzvimbo dzekuyera feni netembiricha. Muchikamu chino, vaongorori vakashandisa nzira dzakawanda dzekuedza kuita maverengero edzidziso, uye vakazoshandisa nzira dze fluid mechanics kuti vawane simba rekushandisa feni. Mushure mezvo, vaongorori vachashandisa zvinhu zvakaganhurirwa kuti vawane nzvimbo yekuyera tembiricha yakakodzera kuti vawane data retembiricha yebhatiri nemazvo.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-10-2024
