Mota itsva dzinoshandisa simba imota dzisingashandisi injini yekupisa mukati senzvimbo huru yekupa simba, uye dzinozivikanwa nekushandisa mota dzemagetsi. Bhatiri rinogona kuchajwa kuburikidza neinjini yakavakirwa mukati, nzvimbo yekuchaja yekunze, simba rezuva, simba remakemikari kana simba rehydrogen.
Danho 1: Mota yemagetsi yekutanga pasi rose yatovepo pakati pezana remakore rechi19, uye mota yemagetsi iyi yaive yakanyanya kugadzirwa nezvizvarwa zviviri.
Chekutanga chaive chishandiso chemagetsi chakapedzwa muna 1828 neinjiniya wekuHungary Aacute nyos Jedlik murabhoritari yake. Mota yekutanga yemagetsi yakazogadziriswa neAmerican Anderson pakati pa1832 na1839. Bhatiri raishandiswa mumota iyi yemagetsi raive nyore uye risingazozadzikezve. Muna 1899 kwakaonekwa kugadzirwa kwemota ine mavhiri neGerman Porsche kuti itsive mota yaishandiswa panguva iyoyo mumota. Izvi zvakateverwa nekugadzirwa kwemota yemagetsi yeLohner-Porsche, yaishandisa bhatiri rine lead-acid senzvimbo yemagetsi uye yaifambiswa zvakananga nemota ine mavhiri nemavhiri ari pamberi - mota yekutanga ine zita rekuti Porsche.
Danho rechipiri: Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20 kwakava nekugadzirwa kweinjini yemagetsi, izvo zvakabvisa mota yemagetsi chete pamusika.
Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yeinjini, kugadzirwa kweinjini yekupisa mukati uye kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira, mota yemafuta yakava nebhenefiti huru panguva iyi. Kusiyana nekusagadzikana kwemotokari dzemagetsi dzinochajwa, chikamu ichi chakaona kubviswa kwemotokari dzemagetsi chete mumusika wemotokari.
Danho rechitatu: Muma1960, dambudziko remafuta rakaunza kutarisisa patsva pamotokari dzemagetsi chete.
Pakazosvika padanho iri, kondinendi yeEurope yakanga yatove pakati pemaindasitiri, nguva iyo dambudziko remafuta rakanga ranyanya kutaurwa uye apo vanhu vakatanga kufunga nezvenjodzi dziri kuwedzera dzezvakatipoteredza dzaigona kukonzerwa. Kukura kudiki kwemota yemagetsi, kushaikwa kwekusvibiswa, kushaikwa kweutsi hwemhepo uye ruzha rwakaderera zvakaita kuti vanhu vafarire mota dzemagetsi chete. Zvichitungamirirwa nemari, tekinoroji yekufambisa mota dzemagetsi yakawedzera zvakanyanya mumakore iwayo, mota dzemagetsi dzakachena dzakawana kutariswa kwakawanda uye mota diki dzemagetsi dzakatanga kutengeswa mumusika wakajairika, senge mota dzegorofu dzinofamba.
Danho rechina: Mumakore ekuma1990, tekinoroji yemabhatiri yakanonoka, zvichiita kuti vagadziri vemotokari dzemagetsi vachinje nzira.
Dambudziko guru rakatadzisa kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi muma1990 raive kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji yemabhatiri. Hapana kufambira mberi kukuru mumabhatiri kwakaita kuti pasave nekufambira mberi muhuwandu hwemabhatiri emagetsi, zvichiita kuti vagadziri vemotokari dzemagetsi vasangane nematambudziko makuru. Vagadziri vemotokari dzekare, vachimanikidzwa nemusika, vakatanga kugadzira mota dzemhando dzakasiyana kuti vakunde matambudziko emabhatiri mapfupi uye daro. Nguva ino inomiririrwa zvakanyanya nePHEV plug-in hybrids uye HEV hybrids.
Danho rechishanu: Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi21, kwakava nekufambira mberi mune tekinoroji yemabhatiri uye nyika dzakatanga kushandisa mota dzemagetsi zvakanyanya.
Panguva iyi, huwandu hwemabhatiri hwakawedzera, uye huwandu hwemotokari dzemagetsi hwakawedzerawo ne50 km pagore, uye mashandiro emagetsi emota dzemagetsi akanga asisina kusimba seaya edzimwe mota dzine mafuta mashoma.
Danho rechitanhatu: Kugadzirwa kwemotokari itsva dzemagetsi kwakakonzerwa neboka rekugadzira mota itsva dzemagetsi rinomiririrwa neTesla.
Tesla, kambani isina ruzivo mukugadzira mota, yakura kubva pakuva kambani diki yemotokari dzemagetsi kusvika pakuva kambani yepasi rose yemotokari mumakore gumi nemashanu chete, ichiita izvo GM nevamwe vatungamiriri vemotokari vasingakwanise kuita.
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-17-2023
