Chinokosha chekutonga kwekushisa ndechekuti air conditioning inoshanda sei: "Heat flow and exchange"
Kutungamirirwa kwekushisa kwemotokari itsva dzemagetsi kunopindirana nemutemo wekushanda weimba air conditioners.Ivo vese vanoshandisa iyo "reverse Carnot cycle" musimboti wekushandura chimiro chefiriji kuburikidza nebasa recompressor, nekudaro vachichinjana kupisa pakati pemhepo nefiriji kuti iwane kutonhora nekudziya.Izvo zvakakosha zvehutongi hwekupisa "kuyerera kwekupisa uye kuchinjana".Kutungamirirwa kwekushisa kwemotokari itsva dzemagetsi kunopindirana nemutemo wekushanda weimba air conditioners.Ivo vese vanoshandisa iyo "reverse Carnot cycle" musimboti wekushandura chimiro chefiriji kuburikidza nebasa recompressor, nekudaro vachichinjana kupisa pakati pemhepo nefiriji kuti iwane kutonhora nekudziya.Inonyanya kugoverwa mumatunhu matatu: 1) Motor circuit: kunyanya kupisa kupisa;2) Battery circuit: inoda kugadziriswa kwekushisa kwepamusoro, iyo inoda zvose kupisa uye kutonhora;3) Cockpit circuit: inoda zvose kupisa uye kutonhora (zvinoenderana nemhepo inotonhora kutonhora uye kupisa).Nzira yaro yekushanda inogona kunzwisiswa nyore nyore sekuvimbisa kuti zvikamu zvedunhu rega rega zvinosvika pakupisa kwakakodzera kwekushanda.Iyo nzira yekusimudzira ndeyekuti maseketi matatu akabatanidzwa munhevedzano uye anoenderana kune mumwe nemumwe kuti aone kupindirana uye kushandiswa kwekutonhora nekupisa.Somuenzaniso, motokari yemhepo inogadzirisa inotumira kutonhora / kupisa kunogadzirwa kune kabhini, iyo "air conditioning circuit" yekutonga kwekushisa;muenzaniso wekusimudzira nzira: mushure mekunge mhepo inogadzirisa mhepo uye bhatiri dunhu rakabatana munhevedzano / parallel, mhepo inogadzirisa dunhu inopa bhatiri reti nekutonhora / Kupisa inobudirira "thermal management solution" (kuchengetedza bhatiri redunhu zvikamu / simba. kushandiswa kwakanaka).Izvo zvakakosha zvekutonga kwekupisa ndiko kutarisira kuyerera kwekupisa, kuitira kuti kupisa kuende kunzvimbo iyo "iyo" inodiwa;uye iyo yakanakisa yekudziya manejimendi "inochengetedza simba uye inoshanda" kuona kuyerera uye kuchinjana kwekupisa.
Iyo tekinoroji yekuzadzisa iyi nzira inobva kune air-conditioning mafiriji.Iko kutonhora / kupisa kwemhepo-conditioning firiji inowanikwa kuburikidza nemusimboti we "reverse Carnot cycle".Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, iyo firiji inomanikidzwa necompressor kuti iite kupisa, uye ipapo iyo inopisa firiji inopfuura nemucondenser uye inoburitsa kupisa kune yekunze nharaunda.Mukuita izvi, iyo exothermic refrigerant inoshanduka kuita yakajairika tembiricha uye inopinda muevaporator kuti iwedzere kudzikisa tembiricha, uye yodzokera kune compressor kuti itange kutenderera kunotevera kuona kupisa kwekuchinja mumhepo, uye vharafu yekuwedzera uye compressor ndiyo zvinonyanya kukosha mune iyi gadziriro zvikamu.Automotive thermal management yakavakirwa pane iyi musimboti kuwana mota yekudziya manejimendi nekuchinjana kupisa kana kutonhora kubva kumhepo inofefetera kune mamwe maseketi.
Mota dzekutanga dzesimba nyowani dzine yakazvimirira thermal manejimendi maseketi uye yakaderera kunyatsoshanda.Iwo matatu maseketi (air conditioner, bhatiri, uye mota) yekutanga thermal management system yakashanda yakazvimiririra, ndiko kuti, air conditioner circuit yaingova nebasa rekutonhora nekudziya kwecockpit;bhatiri redunhu raingova nemhosva yekudzora tembiricha yebhatiri;uye dunhu remota raingove nebasa rekutonhodza mota.Iyi modhi yakazvimiririra inokonzera matambudziko akadai sekuzvimiririra kuwirirana pakati pezvikamu uye yakaderera simba rekushandisa.Kunyanya kuratidzwa kwakananga mumotokari dzesimba idzva matambudziko akadai seakaomesesa ekudzora kupisa maseketi, hupenyu husina kunaka hwebhatiri, uye kuwedzera uremu hwemuviri.Naizvozvo, nzira yekusimudzira yekudziya kwekudziya ndeyekuita kuti maseketi matatu ebhatiri, mota, uye air conditioner ashande pamwe chete nepaanogona napo, uye nekuona kudyidzana kwezvikamu uye simba zvakanyanya sezvinobvira kuti uwane chidimbu chechikamu, kureruka. uremu uye hupenyu hurefu hwebhatiri.mileage.
2. Kuvandudzwa kwehutungamiri hwekupisa ndiyo nzira yekubatanidza chikamu uye kushandiswa kwesimba
Ongorora nhoroondo yebudiriro yehutongi hwekudziya kwezvizvarwa zvitatu zvemotokari dzemagetsi matsva, uye iyo yakawanda-nzira vharafu chinhu chinodiwa chekusimudzira manejimendi.
Kuvandudzwa kwehutungamiri hwekupisa ndiyo nzira yekubatanidza chikamu uye simba rekushandisa simba.Kuburikidza nekuenzanisa kupfupi pamusoro apa, zvinogona kuwanikwa kuti kana zvichienzaniswa neyezvino yakanyanya dhizaini, yekutanga thermal manejimendi system inonyanya kuve nekuwedzera kuwirirana pakati pemaseketi, kuitira kuti iwane kugovana kwezvikamu uye kushandiswa kwesimba.Isu tinotarisa kukudziridzwa kwekutonga kwemafuta kubva pakuona kwevanoisa mari.Hatidi kuti tinzwisise misimboti yekushanda yezvikamu zvese, asi kunzwisisa kwakajeka kwekuti dunhu rega rega rinoshanda sei uye nhoroondo yekushanduka kwemasekete ekutarisira kupisa kuchatibvumira kufanotaura zvakajeka.Sarudza ramangwana rekusimudzira kutungamira kwemaseketi ekutonga kwemafuta, uye shanduko dzinoenderana mukukosha kwezvikamu.Naizvozvo, zvinotevera zvichaongorora muchidimbu nhoroondo yekushanduka kweanopisa manejimendi masisitimu kuitira kuti tigone kuwana ramangwana rekudyara mikana pamwechete.
Iyo yekupisa manejimendi yemotokari nyowani dzemagetsi inowanzo vakwa nemaseketi matatu.1) Air-conditioning circuit: Iyo inoshanda sedunhu zvakare dunhu rine kukosha kwepamusoro mukupisa kwekutonga.Basa rayo guru nderokugadzirisa kupisa kwekabhini uye kurongeka nemamwe maseketi mukufanana.Iyo inowanzopa kupisa nemusimboti wePTC (PTC Inotonhorera Heater/PTC Air Heater) kana kupisa pombi uye inopa kutonhora kuburikidza nemusimboti wemhepo inogadzirisa;2) Battery circuit : Inonyanya kushandiswa kudzora tembiricha yekushanda kwebhatiri kuitira kuti bhatiri igare ichichengetedza yakanakisa tembiricha yekushanda, saka dunhu iri rinoda kupisa uye kutonhora panguva imwe chete zvichienderana nemamiriro akasiyana;3) Mota redunhu: Iyo mota inoburitsa kupisa kana ichishanda, uye tembiricha yekushanda kwayo yakafara.Dunhu saka rinongoda kutonhora kudiwa.Isu tinocherekedza kushanduka kwekubatanidzwa kwehurongwa nekubudirira kuburikidza nekuenzanisa kushanduka kwehutongi hwehutongi hwemhando huru dzeTesla, Model S kusvika kuModel Y. Pakazara, chizvarwa chekutanga chekugadzirisa kupisa kwekushisa: bhatiri inotonhorera kana kuti mvura-yakanyoroveswa, iyo air conditioner. inodziiswa nePTC, uye electric drive system iri mvura-yakatonhorera.Iwo matatu maseketi anochengetwa akafanana uye anomhanya akazvimirira kubva kune mumwe nemumwe;chizvarwa chechipiri chekupisa kwekutonga system : Battery liquid cooling, PTC heat, motor electric control liquid cooling, kushandiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi emarara ekupisa kushandiswa, kudzika kwekubatana kwekubatana pakati pezvirongwa, kubatanidzwa kwezvikamu;chizvarwa chechitatu chekupisa kwekutonga system: kupisa pombi yemhepo inopisa kupisa, motori stall heat Kushandiswa kwekombiyuta kunowedzera, masisitimu akabatanidzwa mumutsara, uye dunhu rakaoma uye rinowedzera zvakanyanya.Isu tinotenda kuti chirevo chekugadzirwa kwemafuta ekufambisa kwemotokari yemagetsi matsva ndeaya: zvichienderana nekuyerera kwekushisa uye kuchinjana kwe teknolojia ye air-conditioning, kusvika ku1) kudzivisa kukanganisa kwekushisa;2) kuvandudza kushandiswa kwesimba;3) shandisazve zvikamu kuti uwane vhoriyamu uye kuderedza uremu.
Nguva yekutumira: May-12-2023
