Imwe yematekinoroji akakosha emotokari itsva dzinoshandisa simba mabhatiri emagetsi. Hunhu hwemabhatiri hunosarudza mutengo wemotokari dzemagetsi kune rumwe rutivi, uye huwandu hwemotokari dzemagetsi kune rumwe rutivi. Chinhu chikuru chekugamuchirwa uye kushandiswa nekukurumidza.
Zvichienderana nehunhu hwemashandisirwo, zvinodiwa uye nzvimbo dzekushandiswa kwemabhatiri emagetsi, mhando dzekutsvaga nekugadzira mabhatiri emagetsi munyika nekune dzimwe nyika ndedzinotevera: mabhatiri e lead-acid, mabhatiri e nickel-cadmium, mabhatiri e nickel-metal hydride, mabhatiri e lithium-ion, masero emafuta, nezvimwewo, pakati pazvo kugadzirwa kwemabhatiri e lithium-ion kunonyanya kutariswa.
Maitiro ekugadzira kupisa kwebhatiri remagetsi
Kunobva kupisa, mwero wekugadzira kupisa, kugona kupisa kwebhatiri nezvimwe zvinoenderana nemodule yebhatiri remagetsi zvine hukama hwakanyanya nehunhu hwebhatiri. Kupisa kunoburitswa nebhatiri kunoenderana nehunhu hwemakemikari, mechanical uye emagetsi uye hunhu hwebhatiri, kunyanya hunhu hwe electrochemical reaction. Simba rekupisa rinogadzirwa mukuita kwebhatiri rinogona kuratidzwa nekupisa kwebhatiri Qr; electrochemical polarization inoita kuti voltage chaiyo yebhatiri isiyane ne equilibrium electromotive force yayo, uye kurasikirwa kwesimba kunokonzerwa nekupisa kwebhatiri kunoratidzwa neQp. Pamusoro pekuita kwebhatiri kuenderera mberi zvichienderana ne reaction equation, kunewo mamwe maitiro emativi. Maitiro akajairika emativi anosanganisira kuora kwe electrolyte uye kuzviburitsa kwebhatiri. Kupisa kwe reaction yemativi kunogadzirwa mukuita uku ndiQs. Pamusoro pezvo, nekuti chero bhatiri richava ne resistance, Joule heat Qj inogadzirwa kana magetsi apfuura. Naizvozvo, kupisa kwese kwebhatiri ndiko huwandu hwekupisa kwezvinhu zvinotevera: Qt=Qr+Qp+Qs+Qj.
Zvichienderana nemaitiro chaiwo ekuchaja (kuburitsa), zvinhu zvikuru zvinokonzera kuti bhatiri ribudise kupisa zvakasiyanawo. Semuenzaniso, kana bhatiri richichaja kazhinji, Qr ndiyo inonyanya kukosha; uye padanho rekupedzisira rekuchaja bhatiri, nekuda kwekuora kwe electrolyte, maitiro eparutivi anotanga kuitika (kupisa kweparutivi ndiQs), kana bhatiri rava kuda kuchaja zvakazara uye rakawandisa, Chinonyanya kuitika kuora kwe electrolyte, uko Qs inotonga. Joule heat Qj inoenderana ne current uye resistance. Nzira inowanzoshandiswa yekuchaja inoitwa pasi pe constant current, uye Qj inhamba chaiyo panguva ino. Zvisinei, panguva yekutanga nekukurumidzisa, current inenge yakakwira. Kune HEV, izvi zvakaenzana ne current yemakumi ema amperes kusvika mazana ema amperes. Panguva ino, Joule heat Qj yakakura kwazvo uye inova sosi huru yekuburitsa kupisa kwebhatiri.
Kubva pamaonero ekudzora kutonga kwekupisa, masisitimu ekutonga kupisa anogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri: inoshanda uye isingashande. Kubva pamaonero enzvimbo yekufambisa kupisa, masisitimu ekutonga kupisa anogona kukamurwa kuita: inotonhodzwa nemhepo, inotonhodzwa nemvura, uye inochengetedza kupisa kwechikamu.
Kutarisira kupisa nemhepo senzira yekufambisa kupisa
Chishandiso chekupisa chine simba guru pakushanda uye mutengo wesystem yekutonga kupisa. Kushandiswa kwemhepo sechishandiso chekupisa kunosanganisira kuisa mhepo zvakananga kuitira kuti ifambe nepabhatiri kuti iparadze kupisa. Kazhinji, mafeni, mhepo inopinza nekuburitsa mhepo nezvimwe zvinhu zvinodiwa.
Zvichienderana nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emhepo inopindwa, kazhinji pane mafomu anotevera:
1 Kutonhodza kusingapindi mhepo nemhepo yekunze
2. Kutonhodza/kudziyisa mhepo inotonhorera yemufambi
3. Kutonhodza/kudziyisa mhepo yekunze kana yemukamuri remutakurwi
Chimiro chesystem isingashande chiri nyore uye chinoshandisa zvakananga nharaunda iripo. Semuenzaniso, kana bhatiri richida kudziyiswa munguva yechando, nharaunda inopisa iri mukamuri revatakurwi inogona kushandiswa kufema mweya. Kana tembiricha yebhatiri yakanyanya kukwira panguva yekutyaira uye kutonhora kwemhepo iri mukamuri revatakurwi kusina kunaka, mhepo inotonhora inobva kunze inogona kufemerwa kuti itonhore.
Kune sisitimu inoshanda, sisitimu yakasiyana inofanira kugadzirwa kuti ipe mabasa ekudziyisa kana kutonhora uye idzorwe yakazvimirira zvichienderana nemamiriro ebhatiri, izvo zvinowedzerawo kushandiswa kwesimba uye mutengo wemotokari. Kusarudzwa kwemasisitimu akasiyana kunonyanya kuenderana nezvinodiwa nebhatiri.
Kutarisira kupisa uchishandisa mvura senzira yekufambisa kupisa
Kuti kupisa kupfuure nechinhu chinoyerera senzvimbo, zvakakosha kuti pave nekutaurirana pakati pechinhu chinoyerera nechinhu chinoyerera, senge chivharo chemvura, kuti kupfuure nekutonhodza zvisina kunanga nenzira ye convection ne heat conduction. Chinhu chinoyerera kupisa chinogona kuva mvura, ethylene glycol kana Refrigerant. Kunewo kutamiswa kwekupisa zvakananga nekunyudza danda mumvura ye dielectric, asi matanho ekudzivirira kupisa anofanira kutorwa kudzivirira short circuit.
Kutonhodza kwemvura kusingapindi mvura kunowanzo shandisa kuchinjana kwemhepo inodziya munzvimbo ine mvura uye kunobva kwaisa macocoons mubhatiri kuti vagochinjana kupisa kwechipiri, nepo kutonhodza kuchishandisa zvinochinjana kupisa zvepakati nepakati zvinotonhodza injini, kana kupisa kwemagetsi/mafuta anodziya kuti zvitonhodze. Kupisa, kutonhodza kwekutanga nemhepo/mhepo inotonhodza refrigerant-liquid medium.
Sisitimu yekutonga kupisa ine mhepo nemvura senzira inoda mafeni, mapombi emvura, ma "heat exchangers", ma "heaters" (PTC mhepo inodziya), mapaipi nezvimwe zvinhu zvinoita kuti chivakwa chive chakakura uye chakaoma, uye zvinoshandisawo simba rebhatiri, array Simba rebhatiri uye simba rebhatiri zvinodzikiswa.
(PTC inotonhorerahita) Sisitimu yekutonhodza bhatiri inotonhodzwa nemvura inoshandisa chinotonhodza (50% mvura / 50% ethylene glycol) kutamisa kupisa kubva kubhatiri kuenda kusisitimu yekutonhodza mhepo kuburikidza nechitonhodza bhatiri, uye wobva waenda kunzvimbo iri pedyo nepasi kuburikidza nechitonhodza. Tembiricha yemvura inounzwa kunze iri nyore kusvika patembiricha yakaderera mushure mekutsinhana kwekupisa nechinhu chinotonhodza bhatiri, uye bhatiri rinogona kugadziriswa kuti rishande patembiricha yepamusoro yekushanda; musimboti wesisitimu unoratidzwa mumufananidzo. Zvikamu zvikuru zvesisitimu yekutonhodza zvinosanganisira: condenser, electric compressor, evaporator, expansion valve ine stop valve, battery cooler (expansion valve ine stop valve) uye air conditioning pipes, nezvimwewo; cooling water circuit inosanganisira:pombi yemvura yemagetsi, bhatiri (kusanganisira maplate ekutonhodza), mafirita emabhatiri, mapaipi emvura, matangi ekuwedzera nezvimwe zvinowedzerwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-13-2023
